IIESpace
Welcome to IIESpace.
This is The IIE digital research repository. It offers open access to our research and intellectual output. It provides full-text access to research papers, articles, conference presentations, multimedia, theses and dissertations, and a host of other works produced by researchers and postgraduate students of The IIE and its Brands.
All information found on this site is subject to the principles of Fair Dealing as set out in 12(1) of The Copyright Act no.98 of 1978 (as amended).
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Recent Submissions
The role of urban agriculture in building resilience towards climate change in the city of Tshwane
(The IIE, 2022) Mphaphuli, Mulalo
This thesis seeks to explore the role of urban agriculture in building climate resilience in the
city of Tshwane, South Africa. It looks at how urban agricultural practices in the city can be
used to influence climate change policy designs and implementation leading to enhanced
resilience. This is premised on the need to ensure that major metro cities like Tshwane take the
necessary steps to contribute to effective water management and the building of climate
resilient societies. Based on a qualitative research method, this thesis provides a deeper
understanding of the status and benefits of urban agricultural practices in Tshwane. Qualitative
techniques in a form of semi-structured interviews and observations were administered on key
informants to better understand the key factors influencing the implementation of urban
agricultural practices.
The study established that urban agriculture exists within the city of Tshwane, particularly
within specific communities around the city. Vegetable gardening emerged as the most
prominent practice throughout the city in spaces such as schools, community gardens and open
spaces to contain soil erosion. The thesis illustrates that there are number of urban greening
programmes implemented through the various structures of the municipality which relates to
urban agriculture, yet there is no overarching policy outline within which these can be tied
together. Clearly, duplications among policy instruments exists and there seem no way of
reducing and filling up gaps and exploiting synergies. Although South Africa and by virtue the
City of Tshwane is one of the signatories to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development
Goals and has committed to working towards achieving food security, clean water and
affordable clean energy, it is clear that the implementation of climate change mitigation and
adaptation strategies in the city remains challenging. Despite the successful establishment of
green initiatives, there are some hindrances within the city that inhibit transition of urban
agriculture into a resilient city. As such, it is recommended that relevant authorities put in more
funding into research and learnership programmes to ensure the successful establishment of
urban agriculture in the city. In particular, the government should fund the development of new
urban agriculture production because it needs financial resources to enhance the capacity of
most farmer.
Perceptions of the causes of poor water supply in the Makause Informal Settlement in Germiston, Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
(The IIE, 2023) Nkuna, Themba
Water is a basic need and an essential resource for life. The provision of water in
informal settlements is generally poorly managed in the whole world. Inadequate
access to water supply may result in detrimental environmental health risks and
economic impacts. In South Africa, the supply of adequate basic water services is a
constitutional human right. Everyone has the right to basic clean water. This research
investigated different role players perceptions of the causes of poor water supply at
Makause informal settlement located in the City of Ekurhuleni (CoE) Metropolitan
Municipality, Gauteng.
The primary aim of the research was to investigate the factors which caused poor
water supply and how these affected the lives of the residents of Makause informal
settlement. Literature confirmed that the establishment of Makause informal
settlement dates back to the apartheid era and is closely linked to de-industrialisation,
push and pull factors, rural-urban immigration and closing of mining industries in
Germiston. Previous researchers acknowledged the presence of unspecified issues
relating to poor water supply services in the informal settlement.
A probability and purposive sampling method was employed with 39 participants
comprising of three key role players: community residents, municipality official and
community leader. A combination of in-depth interviews, questionnaires and
observations were employed to collect data over a period of two months to explore the
perceptions of different groups.
Data was analysed using coding, and thematic data analysis where open coding was
broken down into smaller categories or classes.
Findings illustrated that people’s lives in the community of Makause informal
settlement were negatively affected by poor basic services delivery such as
inadequate water supply. The causes of these challenges are interconnected and
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range from illegal connections of water supply by community members, vandalism of
infrastructure by the informal settlement dwellers themselves, lack of infrastructure
maintenance and management from the municipality side, lack of service delivery, lack
of communication and marginalisation. The research recommends that all key
stakeholders be involved and work together to implement various programmes such
as accelerating the reblocking programme, water conservation awareness campaigns,
community participation and partnerships, capacitating of municipality officials, making
water funds available and the re-establishing of ward committees.
The influence of traditional water governance on maintenance and decision-making: A review of the Royal Bafokeng Administration within the jurisdiction of Rustenbrug Local Municipality, North West
(The IIE, 2021) Manuel, Vinolia Maricia
Researchers in the field of water resource management have argued the importance in recognising the inclusion of traditional water management structures in rural areas of South Africa. In light of water management and supply to rural communities, they argue that the failure to incorporate and acknowledge features of these traditional water management structures could result in the undermining of governments capacity to achieve specific objectives set out by the national water act. However, due to the newly recognised role of these traditional water management institutions, perspectives have not adequately addressed the influence that these traditional institutions have on water management.
The focus of this study was to specifically determine the influence that traditional water governance has on maintenance and decision-making within the jurisdiction of the water services authority (Rustenburg Local Municipality) and how this can lead to improved water governance in rural areas. In order to achieve improved water governance, one needs to understand the relationship between traditional and local government water management institutions. The main research question was to determine the influence that traditional water governance has on decision-making and maintenance in water management. Without an understanding of how traditional water governance influences maintenance and decision-making, improved water management and supply will not be possible in rural areas. Therefore, the aim of the study was to review the current relationship between the Royal Bafokeng Administration and Rustenburg Local Municipality and how it influences the maintenance and decision-making on water management and supply to the rural areas within the jurisdiction on Rustenburg Local Municipality.
The study was qualitative, with in-depth semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis used to determine the relationship between the two institutions. The research aimed to identify the most significant factors in achieving improved water governance in
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water management through the in-depth interviews.
13 people from the Royal Bafokeng Administration and the Rustenburg Local Municipality took part in the interviews.
The outcomes of the study revealed that there is a lack of communication between the institutions concerning decision-making and maintenance of the shared wards. It was also revealed that the institutions have been operating in silos despite having an MOU in place and therefore negatively affecting shared services in the shared wards. It was further that the influence of traditional water governance within the context of the case study of the Royal Bafokeng Administration and that of the Rustenburg has a strong influence on decision-making and maintenance within the shared wards as it affects water management negatively due to the lack of collaboration.
Water allocation practices to small-scale farmers in the Nwanedi Irrigation Scheme, Limpopo, South Africa
(The IIE, 2025) Rammalo, Albertina Mojaji
Women's vulnerability to water and sanitation access: A case study of Carletonville Informal Settlements
(The IIE, 2022) Korie, Dintle Ntleni